Abstract: We recently established a new plasma peptidomic technique and comprehensively identified a large number of low-molecular weight and low-abundance native peptides using a single drop of human plasma. To discover a novel polypeptide that potently modulates the cardiovascular system, we performed a bioinformatics analysis of the large-scale identification results, sequentially synthesized the selected peptide sequences, tested their biological activities, and identified a 30-amino-acid proatherogenic peptide, GIP_HUMAN[22-51], as a potent proatherosclerotic peptide hormone. GIP_HUMAN[22-51] has a common precursor with the glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) and is located immediately N-terminal to GIP. Chronic infusion of GIP_HUMAN[22-51] into ApoE-/- mice accelerated the development of aortic atherosclerotic lesions, which were inhibited by co-infusions with an anti-GIP_HUMAN[22-51] antibody. GIP_HUMAN[22-51] increased the serum concentrations of many inflammatory and proatherogenic proteins, whereas neutralising antibodies reduced their levels. GIP_HUMAN[22-51] induced IκB-α degradation and nuclear translocation of NF-κB in human vascular endothelial cells and macrophages. Immunoreactive GIP_HUMAN[22-51] was detected in human tissues but there was no colocalization with the GIP. The plasma GIP_HUMAN[22-51] concentration in healthy humans determined using a stable-isotope tagged peptide was approximately 0.6 nM. This study discovered a novel endogenous proatherogenic peptide by using a human plasma native peptidomic resource.
Masaki T, Kodera Y, Terasaki M, Fujimoto K, Hirano T, Shichiri M. GIP_HUMAN[22–51] is a new proatherogenic peptide identified by native plasma peptidomics. Sci Rep. 2021;11(1):14470.
Catalog# | Product | Standard Size | Price |
---|---|---|---|
027-10 | [D-Ala2]-GIP (Human) | 100 µg | $202 |
EK-027-48 | GIP (Human) (22-51), prepro - EIA Kit | 96 wells | $570 |
027-02 | GIP (Human) | 100 µg | $122 |
027-48 | GIP (Human) (22-51), prepro | 200 µg | $242 |
027-27 | GIP (Mouse) | 100 µg | $167 |
EK-027-02 | GIP (Human) - EIA Kit | 96 wells | $570 |
G-027-02 | GIP (Human) - Purified IgG Antibody | 400 µg | $414 |
027-29 | [Pro3]-GIP (Rat) | 100 µg | $202 |
027-49 | [Pro3]-GIP (Mouse) | 100 µg | $202 |
027-14 | [D-Ala2]-GIP (Rat) | 100 µg | $202 |
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